Bài Tập Trắc Nghiệm Chuyên Đề: Điền câu mệnh đề theo mạch văn (Tiếng Anh Lớp 10, 11, 12)

For generations, the search for gold has occupied a powerful place in the American imagination, symbolising both material ambition and the desire for a different kind of life. Atlantic City, Wyoming, is one of the places where this history can still be felt. During the gold rush, the town briefly flourished as miners, merchants, and travellers arrived in large numbers, hoping that the surrounding land would transform their fortunes. When that optimism faded, however, (31) _______.
Yet decline did not necessarily mean exhaustion. According to Brad, a modern prospector, the old miners did not leave because every deposit had disappeared. Rather, (32) _______. What was once impractical may no longer be so today. Because the value of gold has risen and extraction methods have improved significantly, (33) _______.
Even so, economics alone cannot explain why people continue to return. Brad is not a professional miner but a retired businessman, and his reasons are only partly financial. (34) _______. In this respect, prospecting reflects more than the search for a precious metal; it also expresses a lasting attachment to the American West, (35) _______.
(Adapted from Linguapress)

Visited by thousands of eco-tourists every year, (20) ___________. Its significance in global environmental health has prompted many international organizations to support its preservation. (21) ___________. Efforts to promote sustainable tourism in the Amazon are helping to raise awareness about the importance of protecting this vital natural resource for future generations.

As digital technology continues to shape our lives, understanding its impact becomes increasingly important. In today's world, digital technology, as a powerful force, (18) __________. Because many of us spend more time online, it is more important than ever to understand how to be a responsible digital citizen.

A responsible digital citizen uses technology thoughtfully and encourages others to do the same. They are mindful of their online behavior, always striving to be polite and respectful, (19) __________. They also respect others’ privacy by not sharing photos or discussing personal information without permission, as doing so can put online security at risk. By acting in this way, digital citizens contribute to making the digital space safer and more comfortable for everyone.

(20) __________. They know there are many risks online. They understand that fake websites and scams try to steal personal information like usernames and bank account numbers. These dangers can cause big problems, which is why digital citizens stay careful and take steps to protect themselves.

If a digital citizen faces a scam, they should report it to the cyber police officers. (21) __________. By doing so, digital citizens can make the internet a safer place for everyone. Even though many people know how to stay safe online, there are still some people who are at risk. By being responsible, (22) __________.

(Adapted from Bright)

Identity theft - cases where thieves steal your personal data to rip through your bank or credit card accounts is a fast-growing crime. Home office statistics estimate a £1.7 billion loss over the past 12 months, which, in cash terms, is far ahead of mugging. In the US, where the crime is even more rampant, (30)________.
The government believes that there are at least 100,000 identity theft victims every year. Others put the figure significantly higher, (31)_______: identity thieves often stop short of clearing out an account to keep their crime profile low. Identity theft flourishes today because many financial transactions are not face to face. Once criminals get hold of data such as your bank account number and address, they can go on a spending spree. Terrifyingly, they do not need all your details; just a few will do.
'It's easy,' says Glen Hastings, a reformed identity thief and author of Identity Theft, Inc. The only prerequisite is the ability to read and write. (32)______, but it's far from essential. I stole several hundred identities in my career. Hastings' modus operandi, or method of committing identify thefts, was to discover individuals with excellent credit records, (33)______. By impersonating these pillars of financial rectitude, he borrowed large amounts in their name - money that he never, of course, repaid.
In the US, one identity victim had her details (34)________ that a warrant was put out in her name. The real criminal - who was also a drug dealer - never stopped using the victim's name, even when caught and imprisoned, which led to further problems.

The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has accelerated rapidly in recent years, with many major car manufacturers investing heavily in electric mobility. EVs are becoming increasingly common in developed countries. (28) ______, where high costs and limited infrastructure continue to create serious barriers. For this reason, some experts argue that unless several critical conditions are fulfilled, EVs (29) ______.

Two major challenges continue to hinder the wider expansion of EVs. The first is the unstable supply of essential materials such as lithium and cobalt, (30) ______. The second is the limited capacity of existing power grids, which are often unable to cope with the growing demand for large-scale charging. (31) ______.
To overcome such obstacles, researchers are developing lighter batteries, faster charging systems, and cleaner energy solutions. These efforts alone, however, may not be enough without broader support. (32) ______.
(Adapted from https://linguapress.com)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
CYCLING IN LONDON
Cycling is an eco-friendly activity that helps protect the environment, and many countries in Europe, including the UK, are encouraging it as they face problems like air pollution and heavy traffic. (18) __________. Over the past year, however, the number of people cycling in London has risen by an impressive 45 percent. This sharp increase mainly comes from the expansion of dedicated bike lanes, rising environmental awareness, and the city's ongoing efforts to reduce congestion and improve air quality. (19) __________.
What has driven this change? Much of the progress is thanks to the National Cycle Network project, (20) __________. The city has also invested heavily in improving cycling facilities, allocating significant resources to upgrading routes, enhancing safety features, and supporting a more cyclist-friendly urban environment. The introduction of secure bicycle parking on streets, at railway and underground stations, and in schools and workplaces (21) __________. Today, it is estimated that nearly 75 percent of the population live within two miles of a cycling route. (22) __________, people are making more cycling journeys than ever before, which is helping transform London into a healthier and more sustainable city.
(Adapted from FCE Use of English)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
SNACK-SIZED WORKOUTS: SMALL EFFORTS, BIG GAINS?
For many people, finding time to exercise has become an ongoing challenge. Busy schedules, long working hours, and constant digital distractions mean that traditional hour-long gym sessions often feel unrealistic. In response, a growing number of fitness experts are promoting what they call “snack-sized workouts”- short bursts of activity spread throughout the day. This shift (18) ______. Consequently, even those with demanding routines may find it easier to remain physically active.
Instead of following fixed workout plans, individuals are stimulated to take advantage of small opportunities to move. Climbing a few flights of stairs, stretching between tasks, or completing brief cardio exercises can all contribute to daily activity levels. (19) ______. Over time, these small actions can accumulate into meaningful behavioural change.
Researchers have found that even short periods of physical activity can improve heart health, support metabolism, and help regulate blood sugar levels. (20) ______. In other words, modest efforts, when repeated consistently, may still produce noticeable benefits. Equally important are the psychological effects. Many people feel discouraged by the idea of committing to long workouts, but shorter sessions tend to feel more manageable. This simplicity can lower the barrier to getting started, (21) ______.
Of course, not everyone is convinced. Some critics argue that brief, scattered workouts may not be sufficient for achieving higher levels of fitness. Still, most experts agree that doing something is better than remaining inactive. Ultimately, the real question is (22) ______.
(Adapted from https://health-insights.org/micro-workouts)

Nelson Mandela, who was a powerful leader and advocate for equality, (26) ______. Born in South Africa in 1918, he grew up under an oppressive system of racial segregation known as apartheid. Mandela joined the African National Congress (ANC) in his youth, dedicating his life to fighting for justice and the rights of Black South Africans. His activism, (27) ______, led to his imprisonment for 27 years. Despite the challenges he faced in prison, Mandela emerged with a message of reconciliation, believing that forgiveness was essential for healing his divided nation.
After his release in 1990, Mandela played a crucial role in the peaceful transition of South Africa to a democratic nation. In 1994, he became the country’s first Black president, marking the end of apartheid and symbolizing hope for millions. (28) ______. Through his leadership, Mandela demonstrated the power of resilience and the impact of unity in overcoming oppression. (29) ______to stand up for justice and equality.
Today, his impact endures, motivating people worldwide to seek peace and human rights. This influence (30) ______, serving as a reminder of the strength of the human spirit and the lasting power of hope.

Living a minimalist lifestyle is no longer just a passing trend; it is a conscious choice for many seeking clarities. The process of deciding what to keep and what to discard is inevitably complex, and individual personality traits will determine the eventual decision. Today, an increasing number of young adults are sorting through their possessions, (20) ______. Other individuals with a strong attachment to physical objects (21) ______, in order to preserve personal memories rather than throwing things away.
Many minimalists strictly engage in a “one-in, one-out” rule, in which they donate an old item whenever they buy a new one. (22) ______. Also, some people who prefer digital simplicity may opt for deleting unused apps and clearing their email inboxes daily.
Finally, some individuals will simply adopt minimalism to save money. (23) ______. It is a highly practical strategy that allows them to cut unnecessary expenses while maintaining a sense of freedom. (24) ______, where extreme frugality and the pressure to own absolutely nothing must be managed carefully.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 11 to 15.
Consumers are often encouraged to support businesses that present themselves as environmentally responsible. Public discussion has largely focused on greenwashing, in which companies exaggerate their environmental achievements in order to gain public approval. Yet researchers have also identified a contrasting practice known as brownwashing. (11) .
At first, this seems surprising, because companies usually benefit from appearing responsible and forward-looking.
(12) _________. Some businesses fear that strong green claims may attract criticism, closer scrutiny, or expectations they may not be able to meet later. This can be especially true when profits are uncertain, competition is intense, or environmental targets are difficult to maintain over time. Silence may therefore appear safer than praise. In such situations, (13) ___, firms may choose modest language or avoid discussing their environmental record in detail.
Brownwashing can create problems for consumers, investors, and policymakers. (14) _________, distinguishing genuine progress from weak environmental performance becomes more difficult. This reduces trust in sustainability reporting and may prevent responsible firms from receiving the recognition they deserve. At the same time, (15) _____.
Environmental progress is often gradual and difficult to measure accurately, so careful wording may sometimes be reasonable. The real issue is whether a company is communicating cautiously or intentionally withholding favourable information.
(Adapted from https://news.umich.edu)

ChihiraAico is an advanced humanoid robot designed by Toshiba, (9) ______. She made her debut at the CEATEC electronics show in Japan in 2014, showcasing her ability to communicate and interact in ways that closely mimic human behavior. Her design combines cutting-edge robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) technology (10) ______. ChihiraAico is capable of speaking multiple languages, engaging with people at exhibitions, and even providing directions at shopping malls and tourist centers.
(11) ______, ChihiraAico and robots like her are intended to bridge the gap between humans and machines, offering personalized services and enhancing customer experiences. She is equipped with sensors, voice recognition software, and realistic facial expressions (12) ______. This enables her to respond naturally to questions, recognize emotional cues, and perform practical tasks like delivering information to visitors
As AI technology continues to evolve, (13) ______. In the future, humanoid robots may become indispensable helpers in various public and private sectors, bringing unprecedented levels of convenience and interaction to our lives.
(Adapted from https://www.therobotreport.com/)

[Phần đầu của đoạn văn (chỗ trống 18–20) nằm ở trang 2, không được cung cấp trong dữ liệu này. Phần đoạn văn trên trang 3 liên quan đến chỗ trống (21) và (22):] A tornado requires patterns of both cold and warm air ... to spin, (18) ______. ... Clouds that have formed in the lower part of the thunderstorm ______ (22). ... (21) ______ ... The first stage... Once the thunderstorm starts... The thunderstorm then... Shortly after...

Urbanisation is the process where (18) ______________, causing the cities to grow. This trend happens because cities offer more job opportunities, better schools, and healthcare services. In many countries, urbanisation is a sign of development. Cities grow as factories, offices, and shops are built. People move to cities in search of a better life, (19) ______________

However, rapid urbanisation can cause problems. One major issue is overcrowding. When too many people live in a small area, it can lead to traffic jams, pollution, and a lack of clean water. (20)______________, making it hard for some people to find a place to live. This can result in the creation of slums, where living conditions are poor.
Another challenge is the strain on public services. (21)______________ for schools, hospitals, and public transport increase. If cities cannot keep up with this demand, it can lead to a decline in the quality of these services.
(22)______________. It can lead to economic growth, as businesses have access to a larger workforce and more customers. Cities can become centers of culture, with museums, theaters, and restaurants that attract both residents and tourists.
In conclusion, it is not the first time urbanisation has created significant challenges. However, it also offers opportunities for economic development and cultural enrichment. Managing urban growth effectively is crucial to ensure that cities remain livable and sustainable for everyone.
(Adapted from https://www.urbanet.info)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Puppetry is an old art form in Southeast Asia,(18)______. Puppets in the region vary in size and style, and their colourful designs are often crafted by the artists themselves.(19)______. For example, performances in Malaysia and Thailand start with a battle, while in Indonesia speech is very important. These differences, however,(20)______ and begin the ASEAN Puppets Exchange Programme in 2014. Despite the different cultures and languages, the programme has managed to develop a united yet diverse community of ASEAN artists. Since 2014, there have been many workshops promoting local puppet traditions. In addition, professional artists from one country have the opportunity to visit and mentor community artists from another country or work with other professional artists to create joint performances.(21)______. Through these efforts, puppetry continues to thrive. Not only entertaining but also educating and bonding people in ASEAN, (22)______. As artists engage in this shared passion, the art form grows, ensuring its place in the future.
(Adapted from Global Success)

The Miss Universe competition, recognized as one of the largest and most prestigious events in the world, (21) ________. In recent years, the competition has placed greater emphasis on personal achievements, advocacy work, and the ability to inspire, providing a unique opportunity for women (22) ________. This fosters a sense of unity and purpose among diverse cultures while also enabling them to enjoy the benefits of global travel and international recognition.
Driven by a commitment to diversity and inclusion, (23) _______. This crowning moment serves not only as a celebration but also as a powerful affirmation of the values and accomplishments the competition seeks to promote. (24) _______.
As Miss Universe continues to evolve, it serves as a powerful reminder that the concept of beauty encompasses far more than mere physical appearance. (25) _______. This significant shift encourages contestants to prioritize making a meaningful difference in their communities rather than solely focusing on traditional notions of beauty.
(Adapted from VOX)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Preserving the Night Sky: The Fight Against Light Pollution
At a time when interest in astronomy is on the increase, amateur astronomers (18) __________. The reason for this is that the night sky is gradually being lost due to light pollution, (19) __________. In response to this growing threat, the International Dark Sky Association has decided to award Dark Sky Reserve status to places that have so far escaped the adverse effects of light pollution. (20) __________. Up to now, only a handful of places have been granted Dark Sky Reserve Status, but there are plans for others to be added so that amateur astronomers can continue to enjoy the night sky just as much as their professional counterparts. (21) __________. Additionally, educational programs are also being developed to raise awareness among communities about the importance of reducing light pollution. If consistently supported by the governments and citizens, (22) __________.

Habits are the automated routines that dictate our daily lives, allowing the brain to save valuable processing power. At the core of every habit is a neurological loop consisting of three distinct steps. First, there is a cue, a trigger that tells your brain to go into automatic mode. (11)_________. Finally, there is the reward, which helps your brain figure out if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future. Over time, this loop becomes more and more automatic, meaning that (12)_________. This is why someone (13)_________ might find themselves reaching for a pastry at 3 PM without even consciously deciding to do so. The brain has simply linked the afternoon slump to the joy of sugar. Breaking these deeply ingrained loops is notoriously difficult. (14)_________, we cannot actually erase an old habit, but can only replace it with a new behavior. By keeping the same cue and the same reward, but inserting a different routine, a healthier habit can emerge. (15)_________.
(Adapted from The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg)

Human attention is often described as if it were simply shrinking, but the issue is far more complex. In a digital environment saturated with alerts, messages, and fast-moving streams of information, people are repeatedly drawn away from their immediate tasks, (21) _________. Instead of entering a state of sustained concentration, the brain is forced to reconstruct the previous mental context each time. (22) _________ depends not only on personal discipline but also on how carefully the learning environment is structured.

This does not mean that deep concentration has become unattainable. (23) _________. When students read a dense text or work on a cognitively demanding assignment, even a brief glance at a notification can disrupt the flow of thought and make it harder to regain the same level of focus.

Experts therefore recommend establishing deliberate routines that reduce unnecessary interruptions rather than relying on willpower alone. (24) _________. Such strategies are most effective (25) _________.