Reading passage (Questions 36-42)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
A study was set up to examine the old marriage advice about whether it's more important to be happy or to be right. Couples therapists sometimes suggest that in an attempt to avoid constant arguments, spouses weigh up whether pressing the point is worth the misery of marital discord. The researchers from the University of Auckland noticed that many of their patients were adding stress to their lives by insisting on being right, even when it worked against their well-being.
The researchers then found a couple who were willing to record their quality of life on a scale of 1 to 10. They told the man, who wanted to be happy more than right, about the purpose of the study and asked him to agree with every opinion and request his wife had without complaint, even when he profoundly didn't agree. The wife was not informed of the purpose of the study and just asked to record her quality of life.
Things went rapidly downhill for the couple. The man's quality-of-life scores fell, from 7 to 3, over the course of the experiment. The wife's scores rose modestly, from 8 to 8.5, before she became hostile to the idea of recording the scores. Rather than creating harmony, the husband's agreeableness led to the wife becoming increasingly critical of what he did and said (in the husband's opinion). After 12 days he broke down, and the study was called off because of "severe adverse outcomes."
The researchers concluded, shockingly, that humans need to be right and acknowledged as right, at least some of the time, to be happy. They also noted this was further proof that if given too much power, humans tend to "assume the alpha position and, as with chimpanzees, they become very aggressive and dangerous." It is often said that there can be no peace without justice, and that's true of domestic sphere.
Obviously the results are to be taken with extreme caution, since this was just one couple with who-knows-what underlying issues beforehand. But the study's chief author, Dr. Bruce Arroll, maintains that the question of happiness vs. rightness, theoretically, could be settled by scientific inquiry with a wider sample. "This would include a randomized controlled trial," he says. "However, we would be reluctant to do the definitive study because of the concern about divorce."
(Adapted from https://healthland.time.com)
A study was set up to examine the old marriage advice about whether it's more important to be happy or to be right. Couples therapists sometimes suggest that in an attempt to avoid constant arguments, spouses weigh up whether pressing the point is worth the misery of marital discord. The researchers from the University of Auckland noticed that many of their patients were adding stress to their lives by insisting on being right, even when it worked against their well-being.
The researchers then found a couple who were willing to record their quality of life on a scale of 1 to 10. They told the man, who wanted to be happy more than right, about the purpose of the study and asked him to agree with every opinion and request his wife had without complaint, even when he profoundly didn't agree. The wife was not informed of the purpose of the study and just asked to record her quality of life.
Things went rapidly downhill for the couple. The man's quality-of-life scores fell, from 7 to 3, over the course of the experiment. The wife's scores rose modestly, from 8 to 8.5, before she became hostile to the idea of recording the scores. Rather than creating harmony, the husband's agreeableness led to the wife becoming increasingly critical of what he did and said (in the husband's opinion). After 12 days he broke down, and the study was called off because of "severe adverse outcomes."
The researchers concluded, shockingly, that humans need to be right and acknowledged as right, at least some of the time, to be happy. They also noted this was further proof that if given too much power, humans tend to "assume the alpha position and, as with chimpanzees, they become very aggressive and dangerous." It is often said that there can be no peace without justice, and that's true of domestic sphere.
Obviously the results are to be taken with extreme caution, since this was just one couple with who-knows-what underlying issues beforehand. But the study's chief author, Dr. Bruce Arroll, maintains that the question of happiness vs. rightness, theoretically, could be settled by scientific inquiry with a wider sample. "This would include a randomized controlled trial," he says. "However, we would be reluctant to do the definitive study because of the concern about divorce."
(Adapted from https://healthland.time.com)
Question 42: Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5?
Question 42: Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5?
Chọn một phương án bên dưới để kiểm tra đáp án ngay:
Đáp án chính thức: C
Hướng dẫn giải chi tiết
(AI giải đề theo đáp án chính thức 42.C trong bảng ĐÁP ÁN, trang 4)
Đáp án: C. Further research on the issue will definitely be conducted with a larger sample.
Ở đoạn 5, tác giả chính Dr. Bruce Arroll khẳng định (maintains) rằng câu hỏi hạnh phúc hay đúng đắn 'theoretically, could be settled by scientific inquiry with a wider sample' và 'This would include a randomized controlled trial' — tức ông tin tưởng nghiên cứu tiếp theo với mẫu lớn hơn (gồm cả thử nghiệm đối chứng ngẫu nhiên) sẽ được tiến hành để giải quyết vấn đề này. Đây là cơ sở cho đáp án C.
Loại các phương án còn lại:
- A: Đoạn văn chỉ nói kết quả cần 'taken with extreme caution' vì chỉ nghiên cứu một cặp vợ chồng, không nói findings 'inconclusive' (vô nghĩa/không kết luận được).
- B: Lo ngại ly hôn chỉ là lý do khiến các nhà nghiên cứu e ngại thực hiện nghiên cứu dứt khoát, không phải kết quả tất yếu của các nghiên cứu kiểu này.
- D: Ngược với đoạn văn: 'we would be reluctant to do the definitive study because of the concern about divorce' — các nhà nghiên cứu không sẵn lòng tiếp tục vì ảnh hưởng xấu.
Lưu ý: Đáp án C khớp với đáp án chính thức trong bảng ĐÁP ÁN của đề (42.C).
Đáp án: C. Further research on the issue will definitely be conducted with a larger sample.
Ở đoạn 5, tác giả chính Dr. Bruce Arroll khẳng định (maintains) rằng câu hỏi hạnh phúc hay đúng đắn 'theoretically, could be settled by scientific inquiry with a wider sample' và 'This would include a randomized controlled trial' — tức ông tin tưởng nghiên cứu tiếp theo với mẫu lớn hơn (gồm cả thử nghiệm đối chứng ngẫu nhiên) sẽ được tiến hành để giải quyết vấn đề này. Đây là cơ sở cho đáp án C.
Loại các phương án còn lại:
- A: Đoạn văn chỉ nói kết quả cần 'taken with extreme caution' vì chỉ nghiên cứu một cặp vợ chồng, không nói findings 'inconclusive' (vô nghĩa/không kết luận được).
- B: Lo ngại ly hôn chỉ là lý do khiến các nhà nghiên cứu e ngại thực hiện nghiên cứu dứt khoát, không phải kết quả tất yếu của các nghiên cứu kiểu này.
- D: Ngược với đoạn văn: 'we would be reluctant to do the definitive study because of the concern about divorce' — các nhà nghiên cứu không sẵn lòng tiếp tục vì ảnh hưởng xấu.
Lưu ý: Đáp án C khớp với đáp án chính thức trong bảng ĐÁP ÁN của đề (42.C).